Throat Cancers
Throat cancers develop in the pharynx (throat) or larynx (voice box). These cancers often group together due to their close location and similar risk factors. Early diagnosis and treatment are vital for better outcomes.
What is Oropharyngeal Cancer?
Oropharyngeal cancer affects the middle part of the throat, including the back of the tongue, soft palate, and tonsils. It usually starts in the squamous cells lining these areas.
If you have symptoms lasting more than three weeks, see your doctor or dentist:
Signs and Symptoms
- Persistent sore throat or ear pain
- Difficulty swallowing or sensation of food stuck in throat
- Unexplained weight loss
- Lump in the neck
- Changes in voice or speech
Treatment Options
- Surgery to remove the tumour
- Radiotherapy to destroy cancer cells
- Chemotherapy for advanced cases
- Reconstructive surgery, if needed, to restore function and appearance
What to Expect
Recovery may involve speech and swallowing therapy, nutritional support, and emotional counselling to help maintain quality of life.
What is Laryngopharyngeal Cancer?
Laryngopharyngeal cancer affects where the throat meets the voice box, impacting swallowing and speech.
Signs and Symptoms
- Persistent hoarseness or voice changes
- Difficulty swallowing or lump sensation in throat
- Chronic cough or coughing blood
- Unexplained weight loss
- Ear pain
Treatment Options
- Surgery to remove the tumour
- Radiotherapy for cancer cells
- Chemotherapy for advanced or recurrent cases
- Speech and swallowing therapy
What to Expect
Recovery may require adjustments in speech and swallowing. Ongoing support from healthcare professionals helps rehabilitation and emotional wellbeing.
Common Risk Factors
- Tobacco use (smoking, chewing)
- Heavy alcohol consumption
- HPV infection (especially linked to oropharyngeal cancer)
- Age over 60 and male gender
- Poor nutrition, low fruit and vegetable intake
When to Seek Medical Advice
If symptoms such as sore throat, difficulty swallowing, voice changes, or unexplained weight loss last longer than three weeks, consult your doctor or dentist promptly.
Support and Resources
Living with throat or laryngeal cancer can be challenging. Speech and swallowing therapy, nutritional counselling, and emotional support services are available. Reach out to your healthcare team for guidance.